Ophelia- John Cage

Ophelia is a solo piano piece written in 1946, its title is most likely in relation to the Shakespeare character of the same name from the play Hamlet.

The piece is very reminiscent of expressionist music, with stark contrast in dynamics, variations in articulation and an unclear sense of tonality. The overall form and structure of Ophelia is sectional based, with different themes undergoing several variations and transformations throughout the piece. Giving a basic structure of A1-B1-C1-B2 etc.

This block form structure is also relevant to how he incorporates articulations into the work. Some sections make heavy use of the pedals and feature wide ranging crescendos/de-crescendos, whereas others are more staccato and static in terms of dynamics.

On first listen, this makes the piece sound like a combination of fragments, rather than a cohesive idea. However, themes and motifs from the initial stages of the piece re-occur in a transformed state throughout, giving a point of reference and a sense of direction in the music.

Shannon Barnes

1 Response to “Ophelia- John Cage”


  1. 1 Ignacio Nogales Aisa February 1, 2014 at 6:24 pm

    Don´t you know more about the piece? I mean, historically, meaning and so on. For non musicians the analisis is quite pointless. And for musicians, we can do it ourselves….


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This is a blog for staff and students in the Composition Program at Monash University. We intend to keep a record of our study, thinking and compositional projects to document our work, show the world outside what we do and invite comment. We hope that over time the blog will provide useful hints and ideas about the creative processes of composition.